History: 

Liberian population is largely made up of the tribals originating from Sudan.  These tribes are  mainly Kpelle, Bassa, Gio, Kru, Grebo, Mano, Krahn, Gola, Gbandi, Loma, Kissi, Vai, and Bella.  Three of them play main roles in the socio-political activities in Liberia.  They are Kru, Krahn and Mano.  

Philanthropic organizations in America decided to help their slaves to go back home in west Africa and to resettle in the land of their ancestors.  These freed slaves and their descendants came to the   Liberia and settled down after negotiations with the local rulers.    

In the middle of 19^th Century, slavery was abolished.  Till then, Liberia was not given any recognition by the colonial powers in the world.   In 1847, Modern Liberia came into existence.  They declared themselves an independent republic.   

You are independent only as much as you are economically independent.  The settlers or the local rulers have had no finance on their own and there was no one to help them out.  Therefore, in spite of being the first African Republic, there was practically no advantage to Liberia. 

The  nation was  a new home for a significant number of the populace who were brought in from  USA and the Caribbean Islands.  The policy of the government was to establish society with a common national consciousness.   But a unified society whose members could not trace their origins still could remember the cultural ways they had inherited from generation to generation. It is not easy to make some darning job on cultural heritage especially when the culture is as old as the human kind ; the so called homo Sapiens. Therefore the urban culture was quite distinct in being a mixture of 19^th century American ,west European  and traditional African.   The tribes in Liberia could not compromise with the principle of national consciousness.  Liberia’s civilian government was thrown out in a military coup in 1980. 

A People’s Redemption Council came in power.  A number of coup attempts and worsened economic situation followed.  Communal violence broke out in 1989. 

The Krahn tribe came in power and Gio and Mano people formed the bulk of rebels. Subsequently Krahn loses power, the president got shot.  It was then that the ECOMOG stepped in.  

At last in August 1995, the 6 years’ civil war suddenly ended.   Despite occasional outbreaks of violence in Monrovia and elsewhere, it seemed that Liberia was finally on the road to a lasting peace.  Surely on the road or tunnel rather,  but the light was still beyond the bend and not to be seen.  The rebels moved to the northern border near Guinea ; the government tried use the assistance from the  friendly rebels of Sierra Leon government.   Liberia as at the receiving end of the ire of British who were friendly with Sierra Leone government.  
Currently the government has repelled the rebels beyond horizon; established peace in the capital and the national emergency was lifted.  But the rebel forces, under the  Liberians United for Reconciliation and Democracy (LURD) has announced that they shall not give up until the current  government is dethroned.